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Purpose: To help evaluate the Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) and ensure a future test is associated with Soldiers performance of common physical job requirements, the USAPHC applied a Systematic Review (SR) methodology to ident...
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Purpose: To help evaluate the Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) and ensure a future test is associated with Soldiers performance of common physical job requirements, the USAPHC applied a Systematic Review (SR) methodology to identify and synthesize published correlations between military task performance and physical fitness tests. Methods: A preliminary step to our SR was to identify key military-relevant tasks and physical fitness components of interest. Starting with the Army's Warrior Tasks and Battle Drills (WTBDs), twelve task categories were identified, including some tasks performed by both military and civilian occupations (e.g., firefighters, police, and athletes). Physical fitness tests were sorted into four physical fitness groups: cardiorespiratory endurance (e.g., aerobic fitness), muscle strength, muscle endurance, and flexibility. Tests of muscular strength and muscular endurance were further subcategorized into Upper and Lower Body, Core, or Whole Body regions. Physical tests included the APFT events (2-mile run, sit ups, push- ups) as well as other equipment and non-equipment physical fitness tests (e.g., jump tests, squats, sprints, pull-ups, grip tests, arm lifts, curls, and various extension machine tests). To synthesize the data, a series of meta- analyses provided pooled correlation coefficients for the twelve tasks and eleven physical fitness test groups. Results: Flexibility tests were the least frequently identified, while upper body strength tests were most frequently identified in studies that met our inclusion criteria. Correlations with aerobic tests were fairly well studied, with a few notable gaps (e.g., the Loaded March task). Pooled r coefficients for specific physical tests (e.g., run tests, push-ups, sit-ups, grip tests, and vertical and broad jump tests) were also calculated. Of the physical fitness component groups evaluated, aerobic capacity is most strongly correlated across the greatest number of military tasks.
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Table of Contents: Introduction; What is physical fitness; What are motor skills; You can make a difference; Part I: Growing up with physical activity; Part II: Other considerations; Part III: Youth sports; Summary; References.
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The text provides guidelines on organizing extension and community resources to conduct the computerized health risk appraisal program for adult and youth extension audiences. Suggestions for raising community awareness and suppor...
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The text provides guidelines on organizing extension and community resources to conduct the computerized health risk appraisal program for adult and youth extension audiences. Suggestions for raising community awareness and support for the cooperative health program are made and recommendations on giving the computerized health profile are supplied. Guidelines for setting up a station for 25 participants are provided. Station no. 1 is reserved for registering and for administering the health profile booklet; Station no. 2 is reserved for taking the blood pressure of participants; Station no. 3, taking participant's health and weight; and Station no. 4, for taking blood samples. Participants would then return to Station no. 1, where they would turn in their health profile booklet. Appendices include public relations announcements and consent forms for taking the computerized health profile.
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The report focuses on analyzing and modeling the physical activity participation levels (in terms of the number of daily 'bouts' or 'episodes' of physical activity during a weekend day) of all members of a family jointly. Essentia...
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The report focuses on analyzing and modeling the physical activity participation levels (in terms of the number of daily 'bouts' or 'episodes' of physical activity during a weekend day) of all members of a family jointly. Essentially, we consider a family as a 'cluster' of individuals whose physical activity propensities may be affected by common household attributes (such as household income and household structure) as well as unobserved family-related factors (such as family life-style and health consciousness, and residential location-related factors). The proposed copula-based clustered ordered response model structure allows the testing of various dependency forms among the physical activity propensities of individuals of the same household (generated due to the unobserved family-related factors), including non-linear and asymmetric dependency forms. The proposed model system is applied to study physical activity participations of individuals, using data drawn from the 2000 San Francisco Bay Area Household Travel Survey (BATS). A number of individual factors, physical environment factors, and social environment factors are considered in the empirical analysis.
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The medical selection process used to screen cosmonaut candidates is outlined. The various stages of selection are discussed, and the specific types of medical examinations are described. Various criteria used for selection are presented.
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An essential factor in air safety is the physical and mental fitness of all personnel directly involved in operations of general,commercial,and military aviation. Standardization and classification of fitness,however,have not been...
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An essential factor in air safety is the physical and mental fitness of all personnel directly involved in operations of general,commercial,and military aviation. Standardization and classification of fitness,however,have not been established to a degree which would allow for much more than a differentiation between 'normal'health and pathological disturbances. Much scientific work is in progress,however,to contrive,within the wide area of 'normal'health,meaningful categories of physical fitness according to physiological criteria. Testing a large population-important for the establishment of standards-requires test procedures of simple design but capable of rendering results which are comparable to those of more complex and time consuming laboratory tests. The experimental work reported here is considered a minute contribution to the eventual establishment of physical fitness standards which might become helpful for acquiring and maintaining optimum work efficiency. The experiments indicated that a 15-minute best-effort run can be utilized as substitute for a standard work capacity test in the laboratory. Any objection about the adequacy of running as a proper measure of an aviator's or air traffic controller's fitness should certainly be overweighed by the recognition of the fact that this type of test constitutes a satisfactory assessment of the potentially available functional reserves. (Author)
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The pamphlet describes a health awareness project designed and conducted by Student National Medical Association Chapters in university medical schools.
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The Marine Corps Physical Fitness Test (PFT) dates back to the 1950s. In its current state, it is said to evaluate all Marines general fitness levels in the areas of strength, endurance, and mobility. In November 2012, the command...
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The Marine Corps Physical Fitness Test (PFT) dates back to the 1950s. In its current state, it is said to evaluate all Marines general fitness levels in the areas of strength, endurance, and mobility. In November 2012, the commandant of the Marine Corps directed that the PFT for female Marines be changed, effective January 2014, to replace the flexed-arm hang with pull-ups. This study is fact-finding and seeks to evaluate the PFT policy change for female Marines. It analyzes how well the Marine Corps prepared for and executed this change in terms of expectations and in preparing female Marines for success, as well as in anticipating second- and third-order effects of the new PFT requirement within the eastern recruiting region (ERR). Data-gathering for this phase included a survey of Marines in the ERR and interviews with civilian fitness experts. Additionally, the study compares and contrasts the policy change with federal fitness guidelines, state-run occupational fitness standards, and implementation of the Marine Corps Combat Fitness Test in 2008. The study also evaluates the training program published by Headquarters Marine Corps for females to build their upper-body strength. The study highlights certain consequences of the policy change and recommends further research.
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Scientific information from previous space flights, space medicine, exercise physiology, and sports medicine was used to prepare a physical fitness manual suitable for use by members of the NASA astronaut population. A variety of ...
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Scientific information from previous space flights, space medicine, exercise physiology, and sports medicine was used to prepare a physical fitness manual suitable for use by members of the NASA astronaut population. A variety of scientifically valid exercise programs and activities suitable for the development of physical fitness are provided. Programs, activities, and supportive scientific data are presented in a concise, easy to read format so as to permit the user to select his or her mode of training with confidence and devote time previously spent experimenting with training routines to preparation for space flight. The programs and activities included were tested and shown to be effective and enjoyable.
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